Utilization of sludge as brick materials

Bricks manufactured from dried sludge collected from an industrial wastewater treatment plant were investigated. Results of tests indicated that the sludge proportion and the firing temperature were the two key factors determining the brick quality. Increasing the sludge content results in a decrease of brick shrinkage, water absorption, and compressive strength. Results also showed that the brick weight loss on ignition was mainly attributed to the organic matter content in the sludge being burnt off during the firing process. With up to 20% sludge added to the bricks, the strength measured at temperatures 960 and 1000 8C met the requirements of the Chinese National Standards. Toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests of brick also showed that the metal leaching level is low. The conditions for manufacturing good quality bricks is 10% sludge with 24% of moisture content prepared in the molded mixtures and fired at 880–960 8C. 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.